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Guidance for CFOs and audit committees on reporting and assuring scope 3 greenhouse gas emissions related to asset management. Find out about methods of estimating emissions and common challenges.

ICAEW's Financial Services Faculty has worked with members from within the sector and experts from the Partnership for Carbon Accounting Financials (PCAF) to outline estimation methodologies for those reporting and assuring on greenhouse-gas emissions relating to asset management.

We begin by looking at the process flow for calculating weighted average carbon intensity (WACI) for investment.

Investment WACI process flow

The WACI is expressed as tCO2e/€M or $M company revenue and can be used to understand a portfolio’s exposure to emission-intensive companies.

Formula supporting financial services organisations in calculating emissions related to asset management
Flow diagram outlining the overall process flow for weighted average carbon intensity (WACI) for investment

Note: 

  • Applicable asset classes: Listed equity and corporate fixed income
  • To calculate WACI for sovereign issuers, collate the issuers’ GHG emissions and GDP data instead

Financed emissions metrics

Metric Purpose Description
Absolute emissions To understand the climate impact of loans and investments and set a baseline for climate action The total GHG emissions of an asset class or portfolio
Economic emission intensity To understand how the emission intensities of different portfolios (or parts of portfolios) compare to each other per monetary unit Absolute emissions divided by the loan or investment volume in EUR or USD, expressed as tCO₂e/€M or tCO₂e/$M loaned/invested
Physical emission intensity To understand the efficiency of a portfolio (or parts of a portfolio) in terms of total GHG emissions per unit of a common output Absolute emissions divided by a value of physical activity or output, expressed as tCO₂e/MWh, tCO₂e/tonne product produced
Weighted average carbon intensity (WACI) To understand exposure to emission-intensive companies Portfolio’s exposure to emission intensive companies, expressed as tCO₂e/€M or $M company revenue

Source: PCAF Standard Part A - The Global GHG Accounting and Reporting Standard for the Financial Industry: Table 2-1 p22 Financed emissions metrics

Carbon footprinting and exposure

The Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) has created a table detailing common carbon footprinting and exposure metrics on pp52-54 of Implementing the Recommendations of the TCFD (2021).

Guidance created with permission from PCAF

This guidance is based, with permission, upon the work of the Partnership for Carbon Accounting Financials (PCAF) including the data quality score tables from The Global GHG Accounting and Reporting Standard for the Financial Industry.

More support

Read more case studies and a list of common challenges facing financial services organisations when reporting and assuring scope 3 emissions.

Case studiesChallenges